引言：如何看待壓力至關重要
高壓提高了43%的死亡風險……Keller, Abiola, Kristen Litzelman, Lauren E. Wisk, et al.(2011). “Does the Perception That Stress Affects Health Matter? The Association with Health and Mortality.” Health Psychology 31, no. 5: 677–84.
對於衰老持積極態度的人……Levy, Becca R., Martin D. Slade, Suzanne R. Kunkel,and Stanislav V. Kasl. “Longevity Increased by Positive Self-Perceptions of Aging.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83, no. 2(2002): 261–70.
與此呈鮮明對比的是，60%……Barefoot, John C., Kimberly E. Maynard, Jean C. Beckham, Beverly H. Brummett, Karen Hooker,and Ilene C. Siegler. “Trust, Health, and Longevity.” Journal of Behavioral Medicine 21, no.6 (1998): 517–26.
特別駭人的圖片……Hansen, Jochim, Susanne Winzeler, and Sascha Topolinski.“When the Death Makes You Smoke: A Terror Management Perspective on the Effectiveness of Cigarette On-Pack Warnings.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 46, no. 1 (2010): 226–28.
在加利福尼亞大學……一項研究中……Major, Brenda, Jeffrey M. Hunger, Debra P. Bunyan, and Carol T. Miller. “The Ironic Effects of Weight Stigma.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 51 (2014): 74–80.
然而，當被放進科學實驗時……Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Ygram, Robert A.C. Ruiter, and Gerjo Kok. “Threatening Communication: A Critical Re-Analysis and a Revised Meta-Analytic Test of Fear Appeal Theory.” Health Psychology Review 7, sup. 1 (2013): S8–S31. Peters, Gjalt-Jorn Y., Robert A.C. Ruiter, and Gerjo Kok. “Threatening Communication: A Qualitative Study of Fear Appeal Effectiveness Beliefs Among Intervention Developers, Policymakers, Politicians, Scientists, and Advertising Professionals.” International Journal of Psychology 49, no. 2 (2014): 71–79.
01 思維轉換：秉持平衡的壓力觀念，以積極的情緒應對挑戰
“想想就能減肥”和“相信健康即會健康”…… Crum, Alia J., and Ellen J. Langer.“-Mind-Set Matters: Exercise and the Placebo Effect.” Psychological Science 18, no. 2 (2007): 165–71.