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二、長拳技法特點 Characteristics of Chang Quan Techniques

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(一)手要捷快 Swift Hand Movement

長拳的手法,要迅疾、敏捷、有力,須“拳如流星”。這不僅是在拳、臂揮舞時要如此,在掌、腕的細微動作裏也要如此。上肢運動要達到“拳如流星”這種要求,就必須鬆肩活肘,使肩、肘、腕等關節在運動時力求鬆活順暢,以迅雷不及掩耳之勢,先聲奪人。

The hand techniques of Chang Quan shall be rapid,prompt and powerful which require that“the fist shoots out like the stars".The characteristics are seen in swinging fists and arms,then small movements of palms and wrists as well.In order to meet the requirements that“the fist shoots out like the stars”,the joints,shoulder,elbows and wrists shall be as flexible as possible during the movements,so as to take precedence with remarkable speed.

(二)眼要明銳 Acute Eyes

長拳的眼法,要明快、銳利,須“眼似電”。眼法在長拳運動中不是單獨活動的,它必須“眼隨手動”,“目隨勢注”。手法既然要流星般地迅快、敏捷、有力,那麽眼睛的注視就要相應地像“閃電”般明快銳利。這種手到眼到的眼法變化,不僅和手法有著密切的關係,也和頸部的活動有關。隨著眼法的左顧右盼、上瞻下視,頸部的靈活及轉頭變臉的快速也是必要的。同時,眼法還涉及動作意向的問題。一般來說,長拳的動作都有它的意向,進則是攻,退則是守,即使是靜止時的拳勢,也都含有伺機待動的意向。眼法是表現動作意向和傳神的關鍵。因此眼法必須做到“眼隨手動”、“目隨勢注”、“明銳似電”。

The eye techniques of Chang Quan require bright and sharp eyes.“The eyes stare out like electricity.”The eye techniques are not individually acted in Chang Quan,and“eyes shall follow hands”and“eyes shall follow potentials”.The hand techniques shall be swift,prompt and powerful like the stars,and the fixation of eyes shall also be bright and sharp like the“lightening”.Changes of the eye techniques on using your hands and open your eyes not only closely relate to the hand techniques,but also relate to movements of the neck.Along with glancing fight,left and right,up and down of the eye techniques,flexibility of the neck and rapidness of the face turning are also necessary.At the same time,the eye techniques also relate to the issue of movement intention.Generally speaking,all movements of Chang Quan have their intentions,in which the forwards movement is the attack,and the backwards movement is the defense.Even in static postures,the exerciser still has intentions to move at the best opportunity.The eye techniques are the key to express intentions and vitality of movements.Therefore,the eye techniques shall be that “eyes shall follow hands”, “eyes shall follow potentials”,and “eyes like bright and sharp electricity”.