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第62章 解放宣言 (1)

字體:16+-

The Emancipation Proclamation

亞伯拉罕·林肯 / Abraham Lincoln

亞伯拉罕·林肯(1809—1865),美國第十六屆總統。出生在肯塔基州一個農民家庭。從7歲開始就幫助父母放牛、耕地和打柴。當過雇農、船夫、小店鋪裏的夥計,後來又當過鄉村郵遞員和土地測量員。他一生在學校學習的時間加起來不到一年,但是他刻苦勤學,通過自學成為一位博學的人。他先後任過州議員、律師、眾議員,並於1856年加入共和黨。他反對奴隸製度,認為奴隸製度違反自由平等原則。但他又不是廢奴隸主義者,他隻是要求限製奴隸製向西部擴張。任內發表了《解放宣言》,提出“民有、民治、民享”的口號,並領導人民投入南北戰爭,重新統一了美國。1864年連任總統。1865年4月14日被南方奴隸主反對派指使的暴徒殺害。

Ace in the Hole

Understand these new words before you listen to this article.

1. countervailing adj. 補償的;彌補的;抵消的

2. testimony n. (法庭上證人的)證詞;證明,證據

3. aforesaid adj. 上述的,前述的(常用於法律文件)

4. thenceforward adv. 從那時,其後

Whereas, on the 22nd day of September, A.D. 1862, a proclamation was issued by the President of the United States, containing, among other things, the following, to wit:

“That on the 1st day of January, A.D. 1863, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.”