[例1]The next morning she found the man______in bed,dead.
A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying
【解析】答案A。find的賓語後麵,用分詞或分詞短語,起賓語補足語作用。現在分詞表達主動,也表達正在進行,過去分詞表達被動。
[例2]Charles Babbage is generally considered______the first computer.
A.to invent B.inventing
C.to have invented D.having invented
【解析】答案A。由be considered to do sth被認為做某事,排除B、D。此句隻說明發明這一個事實,不定式後用原形即可。而C為現在完成時,發明為點動詞一般不用完成時,且此處也不強調對現在的影響,因此不選C。
[例3]The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to______.
A.sit B.sit on C.be seat D.be sat on
【解析】答案B。如果不定式為不及物動詞,其後應有必要的介詞。當動詞與介詞連用時,常位於“形容詞+動詞不定式”結構的末尾。
[例4]— I usually go there by train.
— Why not______by boat for a change?
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
【解析】答案D。why not 後麵接不帶to 的不定式,因此選D。
[例5]Paul doesn’t have to be made______.He always works hard.
A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning
【解析】答案B。make後接不帶to 的動詞不定式,當其用於被動時,to 不可省略。相同用法的動詞還有let,have,see等。
[例6]Tell him______the window.
A.to shut not B.not to shut C.to not shut D.not shut
【解析】答案B。tell sb to do sth 的否定形式為tell sb not to do sth。
[例7]She pretended______me when I passed by.
A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen
【解析】答案A。pretend 後應接不定式。其否定形式為pretend not to do sth。
[例8]Mrs.Smith warned her daughter______after drinking.